METALS HEAT TREATMENT MODEL

Heat Treatment of Metals

Ferrous metals include cast iron, steel, and the various steel alloys, The only difference between iron and steel is the carbon content. Cast iron contains more than 2-percent carbon, while steel contains less than 2 percent. An alloy is a substance composed of two or more elements. Therefore, all steels are an alloy of iron and carbon, but the term “alloy steel” normally refers to a steel that...

Transient Energy and Heat Transport in Metals

A recently developed Shastry formalism for energy transport is used to analyze the temporal behavior of the energy and heat transport in metals. Comparison with Cattaneo’s equation is performed. Both models show the transition between ballistic and diffusive regimes. Furthermore, because the new model considers the discrete character of the lattice, it highlights some new phenomena such as osci...

An Analytical Model of Heat Flux in Laser Surface Treatment

Residual Heat in Ultra-Short Pulsed Laser Ablation of Metals

In ultra-short pulsed laser ablation of metals, a considerable amount of the incident laser energy remains in the workpiece as residual heat. When using high repetition rates, this can cause severe damage due to heat accumulation effects. In this paper, the amount and the spatial distribution of the residual heat deposited by a spatially Gaussian-shaped laser pulse are investigated by means of ...

Ballistic and diffusive transport of energy and heat in metals

We exploit a recently developed formalism to study the temporal behavior of the energy and heat transport in metals. This formalism shows the transition between ballistic and diffusive regimes and it highlights some interesting effects such as oscillations in the energy transport at very short-time scales. The energy relaxation of the conduction-band electrons in metals is considered to be gove...